God the Father

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Places in Scripture where God is called “Father” or people are called “sons” or “children” of God.

Of Jesus

Mt 3:17; 4:3, 6; 7:21; 8:29; 10:32–33; 11:25–27; 12:50; 14:33; 15:13; 16:16–17, 27; 17:5; 18:10, 14, 19, 35; 20:23; 25:34; 26:29, 39, 42, 53, 63; 27:40, 43, 54; Mk 1:1, 11; 3:11; 5:7; 8:38; 9:7; 14:36, 61; 15:39; Lk 1:32, 35; 2:49; 3:22, 23 (this one’s subtle); Lk 4:3, 9, 41; 8:28; 9:35; 10:21–22; 22:29, 42, 70; 23:34, 46; 24:49; Jn 1:14, 34, 49; 2:16; 3:16–18; 5:17–18, 25, 43; 6:32, 40; 8:19, 36, 38, 49, 54; 10:18, 25, 29, 36–37; 11:4, 27, 41; 12:27–28; 14:2, 7, 20–21, 23; 15:1, 8, 10, 15, 23–24; 17:1, 5, 11, 21, 24–25; 19:7; 20:17, 31; Ac 9:20; 13:33 (cites Ps 2:7); Ro 1:3–4, 9; 5:10; 8:3, 29, 32; 15:6; 1Co 1:9; 15:28; 2Co 1:3, 19; 11:31; Gal 1:16; 2:20; 4:4, 6; Eph 1:3; 4:13; Col 1:3, 13, 15; 1Th 1:10; Heb 1:2, 5–6 (cites 2Sa 7:14; Ps 2:7); Heb 1:8; 3:6; 4:14; 5:5 (cites Ps 2:7); Heb 5:8; 6:6; 7:3, 28; 10:29; 12:23; 1Pe 1:3; 2Pe 1:17; 1Jn 1:7; 3:8, 23; 4:9–10, 14–15; 5:5, 9–13, 20; 2Jn 1:3; Rev 1:5–6; 2:18, 27; 3:5, 21; 14:1

Of “the sons of God”

Main topic: Sons of God in Genesis 6 Ge 6:1–4; Dt 32:8 (but see ESV footnote); Job 1:6; 2:1; 38:7; Ps 29:1 (see ESV footnote); Ps 82; 89:5–7 (see ESV footnote) — see also Dan 3:25

Of Adam

Lk 3:38

Of the King of Israel and/or Messiah

2Sa 7:14 (cited at Heb 1:5); 1Ch 17:13; 22:10; 28:6; Ps 2:7–12 (cited at Ac 13:33; Heb 1:5; 5:5); Ps 89:26–27; Zec 12:10 (allegorically)

Of Israel

Ex 4:22–23; Dt 14:1–2; Dt 32:5–8 (see ESV footnote); Dt 32:18–20, 43; Ps 80:14–15; Isa 1:2, 4; 30:1, 9; 43:6; 45:11; 63:16; Jer 3:4, 14, 19, 22; 4:22; 31:9, 20; Hos 1:10 (cited at Ro 9:26); Hos 11:1, 10–11; Mal 1:6; Mt 15:24–26 (cf. Mk 7:27–28); Ro 9:4 (“to them belongs the adoption”!)

Of believers, the elect (the true Israel)

Mt 12:50; 13:43; Lk 6:35–36; 20:34–36; Jn 1:12–13; 3:3–8; 11:52; 12:36 (“sons of light”); Ro 8:14–17, 19–23, 29; 9:8, 26 (cites Hos 1:10); 2Co 6:18; Gal 3:26; 4:5–7, 29; Eph 1:5; 2:19; 5:1–2, 8; Php 2:15; 1Th 5:5; Heb 2:10–17; 3:6; 12:5–9; Jas 1:18; 1Pe 1:3, 23; 2:2; 1Jn 2:29; 3:1–2, 9–10; 4:7; 5:1–4, 18; Rev 21:7

Of an otherwise unspecified audience (“your” or “our” Father)

Isa 63:8; 64:8; Mt 5:9, 16, 45, 48; 6:1, 4, 6, 8–9, 14–15, 18, 26, 32; 7:11; 10:20, 29; 23:9; Mk 11:25; Lk 11:2; 12:30, 32; Jn 20:17; Ro 1:7; 1Co 1:3; 2Co 1:2; Gal 1:3–4; Eph 1:2; Php 1:2; 4:20; Col 1:2; 1Th 1:3; 3:11, 13; 2Th 1:1–2; 2:16; Phm 1:3; Jas 3:9; 1Pe 1:17

Of all men?

Mal 2:10; Ac 17:28–29; Eph 3:14–15; 4:6; Heb 12:9

Unspecified (simply “the” Father)

Isa 9:6 (“Everlasting Father”); Mt 24:36; 28:19; Mk 13:32; Lk 9:26; 11:13; Jn 1:18; 3:35–36; 4:21, 23; 5:19–23, 26, 36–37, 45; 6:27, 37, 44–46, 57, 65; 8:16, 18, 27–28; 10:15, 17, 30, 32, 36, 38; 12:26, 49–50; 13:1, 3; 14:6, 8–13, 16, 24, 26, 28, 31; 15:9, 16, 26; 16:3, 10, 15, 17, 23, 25–28, 32; 18:11; 20:21; Ac 1:4, 7; 2:33; Ro 6:4; 1Co 8:6; 15:24; Gal 1:1; Eph 2:18; 5:20; 6:23; Php 2:11; Col 1:12; 3:17; 1Th 1:1; 1Ti 1:2; 2Ti 1:2; Tit 1:4; Jas 1:27; 1Pe 1:2; 2Pe 1:17; 1Jn 1:2–3; 2:1, 13, 15–16, 22–24; 5:1; 2Jn 1:3–4, 9; Jude 1:1

Of non–specific or inanimate things

Job 38:28–29 (“does the rain have a father?”); Ps 68:5 (“of the fatherless”); 2Co 1:3 (“of mercies”); Eph 1:17 (“of glory”); Jas 1:17 (“of lights”)

Parables

Mt 17:25-26; 21:28-32; 21:33–44 (cf. Mk 12:1–11; Lk 20:9–18); Mt 22:1–14; Lk 15:11-32

Allegories

Dt 1:31; 8:5; Ps 103:13; Pr 3:12; Isa 49:15; 66:13; Mal 3:17

See also

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